Castor seed pretreatment and pressing production line

Castor oil is a non-drying oil containing hydroxy acids. The content of ricinoleic acid accounts for about 87.1%~90.4% of the fatty acid composition. It is widely used in aviation, precision instruments, medicine, coatings, plasticizers, emulsifiers, insulating oils, and textile and leather industries.

Castor seed pretreatment and pressing production line

The pretreatment of castor oil includes oil cleaning, shelling, drying, crushing, softening, flaking and steaming.

1. Cleaning of raw materials 

(1) During the process of harvesting, drying, transportation and storage, oil seeds will be mixed with some impurities such as sand, soil, stems and leaves, and iron. If they are not removed before production, it will be very unfavorable to the production process. It is divided into three categories: inorganic impurities, organic impurities and oily impurities. 

①Inorganic impurities  soil, sand, dust and metal, etc.

②Organic impurities  stems and leaves, ropes, husks and other seeds, etc.

③Immature grains containing oily impurities, dissimilar oil plants, damaged oil plants and grains with pests and diseases below the specified mesh.

(2) Impurity removal

That is, the general term for the process of removing impurities contained in the oil. The technical requirements for cleaning should not only limit the content of impurities in the oil, but also specify the content of the oil in the leftovers after cleaning. 

①Screening: Screening is a method of separating impurities with the help of sieve holes by using the difference in particle size (width, thickness, length) between oil and impurities.

② Magnetic separation: Magnetic separation is a method of using magnetic force to remove magnetic metal impurities in oil. 

③Water selection: Water selection is to use water to directly contact the oil to wash away the mud adhering to the surface of the oil, and according to the principle of different sedimentation rates of raw materials with different specific gravity Heavy impurities such as metals are removed, while the side-by-side mud can be loosened into fine particles under the action of water infiltration and washed away by water. Washing with water can also effectively prevent dust from flying. 

④Selection of side-by-side mud: soil aggregates whose shape and size are equal to or similar to those of oilseeds, and whose specific gravity is not significantly different from that of oilseeds, are called "side-by-side mud".

2. Oil peeling and kernel shell separation

Shelling requirements ①The content of shell in kernels: no more than 5%. ②Rate of kernels in shell (hand-picked): no more than 4%.  

3. Dry material

      Refers to the process of dehydrating high-moisture oil to suitable moisture. Oilseeds are sometimes harvested during the rainy season, so the moisture content is high. Drying is necessary for safe storage and proper moisture. 

      The use of drying equipment to heat the oil can make part of the water vaporize. At the same time, the humidity in the air around the oil must be less than the surface humidity of the oil at this temperature, so that the humidity difference is formed, and the water in the oil can continue to vaporize and escape. Atmospheric, and in unit time, the more air that passes through the surface of the oil, the faster the dehydration of the oil. The drying equipment is forced to pass hot air for drying, which is based on this principle. 

4. Crusher   

      Using a mechanical method, the process of reducing the particle size of the oil is called crushing. The purpose of crushing is to change the particle size of large-grained oil to facilitate embryo rolling; for pre-pressed cake, it is to make the cake size moderate and to create good oil extraction conditions for leaching or secondary pressing. 

5. Soften 

      Softening is to adjust the moisture and temperature of the oil to make it soft. The process of increasing plasticity. 

6. Rolling embryo  

      Rolling is also called "flashing" and "flashing". It is the process of pressing the oil from granules into flakes by the action of machinery. The purpose of embryo rolling is to destroy the cell tissue of the oil plant and create favorable conditions for steaming and frying, so that the oil can be separated smoothly during pressing or leaching. 

      The basic requirements for rolling embryos are that the raw material should be thin, the surface is uniform, the powder is less, no oil is exposed, it is soft when kneaded, and the powder is controlled within 1 mm of the sieve hole. , the thickness of the blank should be maintained to a certain extent. After rolling the embryos, heat the embryos so that the immersion moisture is controlled at about 7%, and the powder degree is controlled below 10%. 

7. Steamed and fried 

      Oil steaming refers to the process in which raw embryos are processed by wetting, heating, steaming and frying to make them undergo certain physical and chemical changes, change their internal structure, and transform into mature embryos. 

      Steaming and frying is one of the important steps in the oil making process. Because steaming and frying can greatly change the internal structure of the oil by the action of water and temperature, such as further damage to cells, coagulation and denaturation of proteins, segregation and combination of phospholipids and gossypol, etc. These changes are not only conducive to oil It is easier to separate from the oil, and it is beneficial to the improvement of the quality of the crude oil. Therefore, the quality of steaming and frying has a direct impact on the smooth progress of the entire oil production process, the level of oil yield, and the quality of oil and cakes.  

8. Extrusion and puffing 

    A new method based on extrusion is being used to pretreat oil before leaching.  

9. Squeeze 

      Power screw oil press machine The screw oil press is an oil press machine that is driven by power and uses the screw shaft to continuously rotate in the press cage to press the embryo to extract oil. If the oil pressing workshop is used as a pre-pressing workshop, a buffer cake storehouse can be considered between the workshop and the leaching workshop, so that the pre-pressed cakes can be temporarily stacked when the leaching workshop fails. 

10. Filter 

      Another stage of pretreatment is the filtration stage. After filtration, the crude oil is refined or leached.