How Does a Sesame Oil Extraction Machine Work?

Sesame oil is an indispensable condiment in Eastern cooking tradition. Its unique aroma and nutritional value come from complex extraction processes. Modern sesame oil extraction equipment has made the leap from traditional workshop to industrial production through physical pressing, hydraulic extrusion or solvent extraction technologies. In this paper, the core working principle, technical classification and process optimization directions of sesame oil leaching machine are analyzed in detail, and the technical strength of sesame oil leaching machine in traditional food industry is revealed.

Working Principle and Technical Analysis of Sesame Oil Extractor
1.1 Dynamic Extrusion Principle of Screw Press
Screw presses realizes progressive pressing of oilseeds by rotating the propelling screw shaft in the pressing chamber. the 6YL-120 screw press, for example, has screw diameter of 120 mm and a speed of 37 r/min. root diameter of the screw gradually increases, while the pitch gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet. This structural design places rapeseed under three main forces:
Axial thrust: generated by screw rotation, propelling oilseeds toward the cake outlet
Radial pressure: The pressure created by narrowing the gap between the chamber wall and screw to form a high-pressure compression zone
Shear force: caused by relative movement of oilseed particles between screw flights, damaging cellular structures
Experimental data shows that when the pressure reaches 60-80 MPa, the wall rupture rate of sesame cell walls exceeded 92%. A grain machinery manufacturer in Henan improved its spiral design to increase output by 2.3%, or 1.8 kilograms (0.9 kilograms) per 100 kilograms of sesame oil, compared with the traditional model.
1.2 Hydraulic Presses Static Drive System
Hydraulic presses works by transferring pressure through hydraulic oil. The cycle of vertical hydraulic presses is divided into four stages:
Feeding stage: Place 200 × 200 × 60 mm sesame cake slabs between pie plate and top plate.
Pressurization stage: Hydraulic system pushes piston upward, applying pressure to the billet evenly through the pie pan
Preservation stage: 80-100 MPa pressure for 3-5 minutes to ensure full oil extraction.
Pressure release phase: Hydraulic fluid returns, piston drops cake discharge
A CNC hydraulic press pressure sensors sensor PLC PLC control has been introduced in Shandong a CNC hydraulic press. During thermal pressure, the device reduced the remaining oil in cake to 6.2%, 1.8 percentage points lower than traditional model.
Optimized Control of Key Process Parameters
2.1 Temperature Management System
Crush temperature has a critical impact on oil production and quality:
Cold pressure: Keep feed temperature ≤60°C to preserve sesame, vitamin E and other heat-sensitive ingredients, but reduce oil yield by 15-20%
Heat pressure: Heat sesame seeds to 120-135°C in a dryer, degenerate proteins and relax cell structure, increasing oil yield by 25-30%
Temperature precision: Modern equipment uses infrared heating and PID temperature control to allow + -2°C fluctuations
A double-shell steam heating, frequency control stirring intelligent dryer developed by an Anhui enterprise, sesame seeds uniform heating rate reached 98%. Roasting time been reduced to 18 minutes per batch -40 per cent faster than traditional baking machines.
2.2 Pre-treatment Process Chain
The complete pre-treatment process consists of six key steps:
Clean and impurity removal: Vibrating screens and air separators remove stones, iron filings, and other contaminants with ≥99.5% purification rate.
Moisture adjustment: Conditioning towers adjusts the moisture content of sesame seeds to 8-10% for optimal cell membrane permeability.
Smash: Roll crushers to break sesame seeds into 4-6 pieces, increasing the area of contact.
Steam and roasting: Multi-layer steam roasters allow continuous wetting, heating and roasting
Cooling and molding: Air-cooled conveyor reduces the temperature of roasted seeds to 60-70°C to prevent spontaneous combustion
Billet molding: a slab of 0.8-1.0 g/cm3 density made of hydraulic pressurised compact loose material.
A machinery manufacturer in Hubei has developed a modular pretreatment line PLC integrated control, reducing process衔接 (connection) time to 8 minutes and increases the production capacity by 35% compared to traditional methods.
3. Comparison of properties of Different Extraction Technologies
3.1 Screw Pressing Method
Strengths:
Continuous production capacity: 3-5 tons per day per machine.
Improve cake quality: 8-10% of the remaining oil in cake, low protein denaturation.
Energy efficiency: 40% less energy consumption per unit of output than hydro
Constraints:
Pressure chamber wear: High hardness sesame meal reduces screw lifespan to 800-1000 hours
Flavor loss: Mechanical friction creates heat that causes some aromatic ingredients to evaporate
3.2 Hydraulic Extrusion Method
Strengths:
Low temperature extraction: operate below 60°C to preserve thermosensitive nutrients
High pressure extraction: suitable for high oil content materials: Up to 120 MPa pressure
Simple maintenance: extended replacement period for worn parts (2,000 hours).
Constraints:
Batch operation: Single pressure cycle requires 25-30 minutes.
Labor intensity: manual loading andunloading of billets increases operating costs.
3.3 Solvent Extraction Method
Strengths:
Extremely high oil yield: Cake residue reduced to below 1%
Mass production: more than 50 tons per day per line.
By-product utilization: extracts with ≥45% protein content suitable for feed processing
Constraints:
Solvent residue: Strict controls are required to ensure hexane residues ≤ 50 mg/kg in final product
High investment in equipment: Solvent refining system accounts for 40%50% of total production line cost;
Environmental pressure: VOC emission control necessary for solvent recovery systems
Innovative Development of Modern Extraction Equipment
4.1 Intelligent Control Systems
New Generation Integrated Multi-Parameter Monitoring:
Pressure sensors: Real-time Pressure Monitoring of Pressure Chamber with Automatic Main motor speed adjustment
Temperature probes: Multi-point deployment in roasters, pressure chambers and refining towers
Flowmeter: Precise control of solvent addition and steam usage
Visual inspection: CCD cameras identifies billet molding quality and automatically culls nonconforming products.
An enterprise in Jiangsu has developed a digital twin system that synchronizes virtual modeling with real production data to optimize dynamic processes and increase Overall Effectiveness of the equipment to over 85%.
4.2 Green Manufacturing Technologies
Energy efficiency innovations include:
Waste heat recovery: preheating of crude oil with steam from refining deodorization tower
Frequency conversion drive: automatically adjust motor power according to load, achieve 30% electricity savings.
Closed production systems: Volatile substance emissions prevention in negative pressure workshops
Wastewater treatment: Membrane separation technology Can Achieve Recycling of seed washing Water
Henan's A 100,000-ton/year sesame oil plant uses 22 22% energy consumption per unit of product and 22% cent less wastewater discharge through these technologies.
Industry Development Trends
5.1 Breakthroughs in Low-temperature Extraction.
Supercritical CO2 extraction technology is being applied in the production of high-quality sesame oil. At ambient temperatures of 35 degrees Celsius and 30 MPa, the method produces concentrated oils containing sesame oil, sesame oil and other active ingredients, increasing the value of the product by 3-5 times.
5.2 Digitization of the entire industry chain.
Establish a Complete traceability systems from the planting of raw materials to the sale of finished product sales. Blockchain technology ensures that every bottle of sesame oil is grown, processed in batches, and testing reports are traceable to meet consumer demand for food safety transparency.
5.3 High-value Utilization of Byproducts
sesame protein peptide was produced by Enzymatic hydrolysis of extracted lignin, and separated lignans had antioxidant activity. Sesame peel pyrolysis produces biochar and achieves 100% utilization of feedstock resources.
Conclusion:
The development of sesame oil extraction technology represents an paradigm of combining traditional technology with modern science. From artisanal stone mills to smart factories, from single crushing to industry-wide chain development, equipment manufacturers are constantly innovating to improve production efficiency, product quality and industry sustainability. Looking ahead, the deep integration of biotechnology, information technology and manufacturing technologies will drive sesame oil extraction equipment toward more efficient, greener and smarter options for healthier, tastier oils for humans.